Rats And Mice

Rats and Mice have been responsible for or implicated in the spread of various diseases to people and domestic animals for years. Today however, because of improvements in sanitation, effective drugs, and rodent and insect control programs, the disease threat from rodents is not as significant as it once was. But because of the habits of rodents traveling in sewers, garbage, etc., there are still cases of human and animal diseases being transmitted and there is also the constant potential of disease outbreaks in cities where rats and mice live in close proximity to people. However small the threat may be, it is a potential that always must be kept in mind.

Some of the more common diseases transmitted by rats and mice or parasites that they carry are -

Plague - which is spread from rats to people by the oriental rat flea.

Murine Typhus - caused by a bacterial organism which is transmitted from infected rats to people also by the oriental rat flea.

Rickettsial pox - also caused by a bacterial organism is transmitted by mites from mice to people. Mainly in areas of New York City and several New England Cities.

Salmonellosis (acute food poisoning) - is caused by a bacterium which can thrive in sewers, live stock facilities, septic tanks, cesspools, garbage, and other similar environments. It is spread mainly by fecal droppings by rats and mice.

Rat Bite Fever - is caused by a bacterium which can live in the saliva of both rats and mice. It has flu like symptoms that can last for days and is sometimes fatal.

Leptospirosis, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, trichinosis, typhoid, dysentery as well as others.

Rats and mice almost always leave signs that can lead to their discovery
The ten signs to look for are:

• Droppings or feces
• Tracks
• Gnawing damage
• Burrows
• Runways
• Grease marks or rub marks
• Urine stains (which can be discovered with a blacklight)
• Live or dead rodents
• Rodent sounds
• Rodent odors (especially mice)

There are 3 main species of rats and mice that are of significance in the United States. They are the Roof Rat or tree Rat, the Norway Rat or ground rat, and the House Mouse. Of course there are lots of other species such as field mice, field rats, wharf rats, sewer rats, etc.. but the Roof Rats and Norway Rats and the House Mouse are the ones of primary importance. They are the species of commensal rodents that homeowners and building owners deal with 90% of the time.

The Roof Rat

The Roof Rat Has A Long Tail, Large Ears and Has A Slender Body. Roof Rats Are Commonly Found In Trees, Attics, Old Houses,And Is the #1 Rodent Found In Inner Cities.

The Norway Rat

Norway Rats Have Small Ears, Short Tail, and Have A Fat Rounded Body. Norway Rats Are Commonly Found In Fields, Sewers, Living Under Debris, Etc. They Are The #1 Rat Infesting Barns, Poultry Houses, and Rural Areas.

Mouse

The House Mouse Generally Lives Inside or Near Homes. They Are The #1 Mouse Infesting Inner City Homes and Buildings.

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